Send transaction in Solana

Here's how you can send a Solana transaction to execute the trade.

Steps to Send a Transaction on Solana

1. Set up a Solana connection.

2. Create transaction instructions.

3. Fetch the latest blockhash.

4. Create a TransactionMessage.

5. Use Address Lookup Tables (ALTs) if available.

6. Compile and create a VersionedTransaction.

7. Sign and send the transaction.

8. Return the transaction signature.

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Code Example (Without Hooks)

import { 
  Connection, PublicKey, TransactionInstruction, TransactionMessage, 
  VersionedTransaction, AddressLookupTableAccount 
} from '@solana/web3.js';

// 1️⃣ Initialize Solana connection
const connection = new Connection('https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com');

// 2️⃣ Function to create and send a transaction
async function sendSolanaTransaction(wallet, instructionsData, addressLookupTableAccounts) {
  if (!wallet?.publicKey) {
    throw new Error("Wallet is not connected");
  }

  // 3️⃣ Convert instruction data into TransactionInstructions
  const instructions = instructionsData.map((instruction) => new TransactionInstruction({
    keys: instruction.keys.map(key => ({
      pubkey: new PublicKey(key.pubkey),
      isSigner: key.isSigner,
      isWritable: key.isWritable
    })),
    programId: new PublicKey(instruction.programId),
    data: Buffer.from(instruction.data)
  }));

  // 4️⃣ Fetch the latest blockhash
  const { blockhash } = await connection.getLatestBlockhash('confirmed');

  // 5️⃣ Handle Address Lookup Tables (if available)
  const lookupTables = addressLookupTableAccounts?.map(alta => new AddressLookupTableAccount({
    key: new PublicKey(alta.key),
    state: {
      addresses: alta.state.addresses.map(addr => new PublicKey(addr)),
      authority: new PublicKey(alta.state.authority),
      deactivationSlot: BigInt(alta.state.deactivationSlot),
      lastExtendedSlot: alta.state.lastExtendedSlot,
      lastExtendedSlotStartIndex: alta.state.lastExtendedSlotStartIndex
    }
  }));

  // 6️⃣ Create a TransactionMessage
  const messageV0 = new TransactionMessage({
    payerKey: wallet.publicKey,
    recentBlockhash: blockhash,
    instructions: instructions
  });

  // 7️⃣ Compile to VersionedTransaction
  const messageV0Compiled = messageV0.compileToV0Message(lookupTables);
  const transaction = new VersionedTransaction(messageV0Compiled);

  // 8️⃣ Sign and send the transaction
  const signature = await wallet.signAndSendTransaction(transaction);
  
  console.log("Transaction Signature:", signature);
  return signature;
}

---

How to Use This Function

// Example wallet object (Replace with actual wallet provider)
const wallet = {
  publicKey: new PublicKey("YourWalletPublicKeyHere"),
  signAndSendTransaction: async (tx) => {
    console.log("Signing and sending transaction...");
    return "mock_signature"; // Replace with actual wallet signing logic
  }
};

// Example transaction instructions (Replace with real data)
const transactionInstructions = [
  {
    keys: [{ pubkey: "TargetAddressHere", isSigner: false, isWritable: true }],
    programId: "ProgramIdHere",
    data: "Base64EncodedDataHere"
  }
];

// Example Address Lookup Tables (Replace with real ALTs)
const addressLookupTableAccounts = [];

// Send transaction
sendSolanaTransaction(wallet, transactionInstructions, addressLookupTableAccounts)
  .then(sig => console.log("Transaction sent with signature:", sig))
  .catch(err => console.error("Transaction failed:", err));

---

Explanation

• Creates a transaction from provided instructions.

• Fetches the latest blockhash to ensure validity.

• Uses Address Lookup Tables (ALTs) for optimized transactions.

• Compiles the transaction into a VersionedTransaction.

• Signs and sends the transaction using the connected wallet.